The National Palace Museum in China

The National Palace Museum is in the Ming and Qing Imperial Palace and the collections of two generations built on the basis of China's comprehensive museums. At its Beijing center, the former Tiananmen - after Reliance Jingshan, East near Wangfujing Market, west of Zhongnanhai. In 1961, approved by the State Council, the museum was designated as the first batch of key national cultural protection units. In 1987, the museum was listed by UNESCO as "World Heritage" list. According to ancient Chinese theory Stars, Zi Yuan (Polaris) in transit, is the Habitat Later, Heaven counterparts, the emperor's residence is also known as the Forbidden City. Emperor Zhu Di of the Ming Dynasty in the third to win throne, moved the capital Beijing decided that began create this palaces, Ming Yongle to 18 years (1420) completed. In 1911, the Chinese Revolution of 1911 overthrew the last feudal monarchy - Qing Dynasty and 1924's Emperor Pu Yi was expelled from the palace. It was around 500 years, a total of 24 emperors lived in the country for a living and rule. The Forbidden City, surrounded by the ring 10m high walls and a 52m wide moat. City north to south 961m, 753m wide things, covering up to 780,000 ㎡. Surrounded by a wall of the Shing Mun 1, south of the northern side of the Gate and the Maoists are access for visitors to visit. City architectural layout of palaces along the axis of things on both sides to start. Huangwa walls, painting homes carved beams, millions. Tune up the level of scattered, a spectacular majestic. North Korea Tun Xi sunset, sits worldly paradise. City and the southern part of Ethernet, and the Bulgarian and three main hall as the center, supported by the Chinese on both sides, two Wuying Palace, the emperor was held in the place known as the "former." While the northern half of stem-paying Thailand, Ning three-kun Palace and Yu Hua Yuan and Liu Gong things for the center, the process has Beloved east, and very Dian Huang, the west side of a Studio, Yuhuatai cabinet Palace, the emperor is the living and Empresses have held worship and religious activities and to handle day-to-day administrative affairs, as "Dignity." After two of the palace buildings totaling 163,000 ㎡. The entire group of palaces and architectural layout, orderly, all-inch brick-tile ceremony followed a feudal system of grading, two supreme authority of the emperor. In feudal monarchy era, ordinary people dare not step near it. After the Revolution of 1911, all of this should be nationalized palaces, but then developed in accordance with the "preferential treatment conditions Qingshi," Emperor Pu Yi's been allowed "temporarily Palace", which means "Dignity" section. The government then decided to Rehe (Chengde) palaces and Shengjing (Shenyang) moved to the National Palace Museum artifacts the museum's "former" part, in 1914, set up a "display of the antiquities." Habitat intrauterine Pu Yi, with the death-remnants of collusion, conspiracy restoration, and to reward, pawn, and repair items, stolen from the palace large artifacts from the community's serious concern. In 1924, Feng Yuxiang in launching the "coup Beijing," Pu Yi will be expelled from the palace, while setting up "after the Qing Shi", which took over the National Palace Museum, a pair of intrauterine heritage inventory. Also, after a year of intense preparations, in the October 10, 1925 in front of the square stem-held a grand ceremony built homes and the electricity, announced the formal establishment of the National Palace Museum. The opening of the first day, people striving to be first to see this mysterious palace treasures and faster, in Beijing turned out, it blocked traffic, would also become a major newspaper on important news. The initial inventory left over from the Palace of the Qing Dynasty relics, it was published in 1925 the 28 "Qingshi check point after the report" contained in a total of more than 1.17 million items, including three generations of Ding Yi, ancient jade, the Tang and Song dynasties of Yuan and Ming title painting, Song ceramics ware Lang, lacquerware, gold and silver ware, bamboo angle kind of teeth, and a large gold-copper religious Sculptures Dili Empresses Pin clothing, and material for making furniture, and so on. Greenfield is the equally, Plateau, the world of wealth and make the Poly here. In addition, there are a large number Books books, literature archives. This museum under the Antiquities Museum, libraries, literature Museum, organized human heritage to continue to collate, and intrauterine opening exhibit, organized display, editing and publishing a variety of publications, public information, publicity. All work very impressively and humanities blend of the very 1:00 Sheng. The eve of the outbreak of World War II, the Japanese imperialists annex the territory of Northeast China, North China presses forward steadily, the situation critical. In order to protect the National Palace Museum artifacts was not to destroy or Japanese imperialist war looting, the National Palace Museum artifacts decided to avoid enemy Southern Migration strategy. From February 1933 to May, the palace treasures were loaded into 13,427 boxes and 64 packets, five points for first arrived in Shanghai, Nanjing and then shipped to. Accordingly established in Nanjing Heritage coffers, and set up the Nanjing Branch of the National Palace Museum. In 1937, "July 7 Lugouqiao Incident" outbreak of war in full swing. Southern Migration heritage and to their movement along three routes to Sichuan, Sichuan, which are deposited in the Palestinian County, Emei and the Leshan. Until after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the three Heritage Complex concentrated in Chongqing, in 1947 shipped back to Nanjing. Member of the PLA's about time, since the end of 1948 to early 1949, the Kuomintang government in Nanjing in Nanjing Treasury select 2,972 boxes of artifacts to Taiwan, Shihlin, Taipei Sungai after the establishment of a new museum, open external display. A large number of the remaining artifacts, in 1949 after gradually returned to the National Palace Museum, one million boxes, but so far there are 2,221 boxes still sealed in Nanjing coffers, commissioned by the Nanjing Museum took custody. In the more than 10 years of a horrible war, as the National Palace Museum staff are not afraid of difficulties and obstacles, dutifully, though the number of giant Southern Migration Heritage, but no one lost and injuries, the spirit of the museum staff, deeds and moving. May is because of the war, resulting in the National Palace Museum artifacts at the remote. The traditional culture of the motherland is a whole collection, and particularly the Forbidden City and building an inalienable, people believe that eventually one day, eventually to End Choi. After the founding of People's Republic of China, the National Palace Museum workers with a brand-new mental outlook to work. Remove weeds, dredging rivers, cleaning up litter. In early 1950s, from the removal of the uterus century than 250,000 cubic meters of garbage since the renovated hospital capacity. The National Palace Museum developed a "protection-oriented, focusing on repair, comprehensive planning, the progressive implementation" of ancient buildings maintenance policy, after decades of efforts, many dilapidated, leakage, the brink of collapse by the size of the Palace Pavilion in the restoration and decoration oil, become more millions. Hospital tall palaces throughout installed lightning facilities, on substantial investment in the construction of fire control systems and security to the high-pressure fire water supply network so that this ancient palace building have been more effective protection. Especially after the reform and opening up in the strong government support, and complete rectification of the river around the National Palace of cheese, and better highlight the former Imperial City style. On the heritage front, the'50s and'60s is the focus of the Qing Palace Museum Heritage Collection re inventory check register, identification, classification and archives, the last piece to correct inaccuracies and the addition of the missing artifacts, such as found from the debris pile with grass wrapped with ivory seats, Shufangzhai stage repair was found on the floor of the store to the Tang Lu Chuan Leng gal "Venerable as six" of such. Through a dozen years of work, totaling out of the Qing Collection, more than 710,000 artifacts. At the same time, through the national allocation to the social and accept private donations collected through the new heritage of Tibet as many as 220,000, more than substantially fill the Qing era Heritage Collection, and insufficient categories of vacancies, such as the Stone Age painted pottery, Shang, Zhou era bronzes, jade , the Han Dynasty pottery figurine, the Northern and Southern Dynasties era Stone Sculptures, and the Tang Dynasty three Cai. Tibet's ancient and the new title of particularly large painting, by the world attention. If Lu Jin Dynasty "had tapered TIE" Wang Xun "Tie Yuan Bo," Gu Kaizhi "Goddess Luo Rhapsody of volume," Zhan Ziqian Sui Dynasty, "Yu-chun of volume," Tang Han Cultivation: "Binghamton Figure volumes," Du Mu's "good poetry volumes," Gu Hong Five Dynasties in "Painting of Han Xi Banquet of the volume," Song substituting Gong Lin "The volume of Wei Yan honor," Xi "liberation Shiping far map" pure "Riverside Scene of Pure Brightness volumes" are all human treasures. This work unremittingly for decades, in recent years, also from the market to buy back heavily Song Xian "Ten Poems of volume," Nai-Yuan "Seongnam Yong Poems," SHEN Zhou Ming, "Fang Huang Gongwang Fuchun Mountain volumes of" Qing Shi Tao "shouted volumes and can map", especially the former two are to Pu Yi all tours name from the palace and steal from the people dispersed, today reverted treasures. To protect these large quantities of antiquities treasures from the 1950s and 1960s from the original Treasury for a large-scale rectification, and adopted a moisture-proof, the pest control measures. After the 1990s created a new heritage coffers, I can Tibet Heritage 60 10000. New Treasury constant temperature, constant moisture, fire safety, security, control and the use of modern technology, insurable artifacts safe. Since 1950, formed the Conservation factories, in 1980 for the expansion of heritage conservation Ministry of Science and Technology, inheritance, the use of traditional technology and the introduction of new achievements in science, right to repair defective heritage, our hospital several decades, brothers and repair units accumulated more than 110,000 pieces of cultural relics. Tibetan treasures to the hospital and meet the audience in the exhibition display, in addition to the preservation and rehabilitation three main hall, after three Palace and West Liugong other places untouched display, and the occasional open bronze, pottery, crafts, paintings, treasures, such as the Museum of watches and clocks for visitors to enjoy. Setting up a temporary exhibition, organized exhibitions of various themes, such as the recent "Ancient Paintings authenticity contrast Show," "really ancient ceramics and ancient imitation goods contrast Kiln information Show," "Palace of the Qing Dynasty packaging Art Exhibition", "Tibet 50 years show excellent heritage", are well received by the community industry welcomed the exhibition. Also introducing domestic and foreign brothers museum collections Exhibition. To meet the requirements of the masses, the National Palace Museum has organized outreach to small provincial museum artifacts on display, and invited the country to organize various forms of exhibitions, especially since the reform and opening up, such exhibition was increasingly frequent. Show countries have toured Britain, the United States, France, the former Soviet Union, Germany, Austria, Spain, Australia, Japan, Singapore, wherever, are all caused great interest from the local audience, the exotic Chinese people to understand the long history and splendid, Cultural Arts for the promotion of the peoples of the world and the friendly relations and cultural exchanges made due contributions. Nearly 10 years ago, the National Palace Museum received an average annual 600-800 million Chinese and foreign audiences, and with the development of the tourism industry, increasing the number of viewers, the people of the Forbidden City that interest alive. Apart from the direct-oriented audience, the National Palace Museum At the same time, editing and publishing books and periodicals album to the community on the museum's collection of artifacts and the construction of palaces. Published large map of "possession of the National Palace Museum Historical painting sets", "Palace of porcelain election", "David", "Forbidden City Palace", "Palace of the Qing Dynasty life", "David Carnival," "Treasures of the National Palace Museum artifacts Collected Works" (a total of 60 volumes , has published 18 volumes), and so on, a few of its numerous. Regular publication, "published in the National Palace Museum Center," "Forbidden City" two. From 1997 onwards, in order to meet the National Palace Museum, the need for reform and opening up, hospital organizations also carried out a major reform, the original home of the custodian, display of three departments and the restructuring, the establishment of the ancient artifacts, ancient paintings Department, the Royal Court and the Department of the Ministry of exhibitions and education. The newly formed information Information Center, the Division of the National Palace Museum, promoting the use of information technology. Gradually investment, the introduction of modern science and technology, the museum opened a hospital computer system and various optical network with database management, use of the Internet world Unicom established a museum Web site. You now on display in front of the site will allow people from the remote via the Internet can also enjoy this mysterious palaces, the museum Xiongqi glimpse into the rich heritage of the wall construction and collections. The establishment of a new sense of the museum is no longer the digital dream.